SyncValsverifier → artifact → classifier → verdict
SyncVals · Trajectory

adv-robust-pgd

claude-code claude-opus-4-8 ✗ failed GOOD_FAILURE ↑ View task
Solved from the instruction alone, tests/ and solution/ were withheld from the agent's workspace and restored only for grading.
Reward = tests/test.sh exit code (0 → resolved); the classification below is post-hoc and cannot change it.
Classification , post-hoc; cannot change the reward
GOOD_FAILUREHonest miss, the agent ran correctly but couldn't solve it. Expected for a hard task; the task is sound.
SubtypeInsufficient Robustness Training
EvidenceTest output: 'COMPONENT CONFORMANCE SUITE: 201/201 cases passed (all milestones pass: True)' and 'FINAL METRIC: PGD robust accuracy = 0.5663 < threshold 0.6'. Agent's implementation is 100% correct for all 201 component checks, but the trained model achieved only 56.63% robust accuracy versus the required 60% threshold. The instruction explicitly states 'Weak or cheap robust training is not enough' and 'A genuine multi-step PGD adversarial-training recipe...trained long enough for robustness to converge, is what reaches the threshold.'
Root causeThe agent correctly implemented the entire numpy-only deep-learning framework (all 201 component checks pass), but the adversarial training procedure did not train long enough or use strong enough hyperparameters to achieve the required 0.6 robust accuracy threshold, falling short at 0.5663. This is a training strategy/duration issue, not a framework or specification issue.
RecommendationN/A - task is fine
Trajectory
Tool-by-tool agent trajectory
163 tool calls · 4 tool types · 183 steps
Agent session started, model: claude-opus-4-8 · 29 tools available · cwd: /app
I'll start by exploring the environment to understand the structure and stub files.
shell
ls -la && echo "---SUBMISSION---" && ls -la submission/ && echo "---DATA---" && ls -la data/ && python3 -c "import numpy as np; d=np.load('data/train.npz'); print({k:(v.shape,v.dtype) for k,v in d.items()}); print('y range', d['y'].min(), d['y'].max(), 'X range', d['X'].min(), d['X'].max())"
output
total 101
drwxr-xr-x  4 user user  4096 Jun 30 22:27 .
drwxr-xr-x 21 root root  4096 Jun 30 22:27 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 user user 14238 Jun 30 22:27 PROMPT.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 user user     5 Jun 30 22:27 agent.pid
-rw-r--r--  1 user user     0 Jun 30 22:27 agent.stderr
-rw-r--r--  1 user user  4688 Jun 30 22:27 agent_trajectory.jsonl
drwxr-xr-x  2 user user    60 Jun 30 22:27 data
-rw-r--r--  1 user user     0 Jun 30 22:27 run.log
-rwxr-xr-x  1 user user 57740 Jun 30 11:01 run_checks.py
drwxr-xr-x  2 user user   128 Jun 30 22:27 submission
-rwxr-xr-x  1 user user   998 Jun 30 11:01 test.sh
-rwxr-xr-x  1 user user   629 Jun 30 11:01 timer.sh
---SUBMISSION---
total 80
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user   128 Jun 30 22:27 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user  4096 Jun 30 22:27 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  5490 Jun 30 11:01 advtrain.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  8776 Jun 30 11:01 attack.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 18341 Jun 30 11:01 autograd.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  2167 Jun 30 11:01 data.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 15988 Jun 30 11:01 nn.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  8853 Jun 30 11:01 optim.py
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  3742 Jun 30 11:01 train.py
---DATA---
total 2904
drwxr-xr-x 2 user user      60 Jun 30 22:27 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 user user    4096 Jun 30 22:27 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 2967336 Jun 30 11:01 train.npz
{'X': ((3600, 1, 16, 16), dtype('float32')), 'y': ((3600,), dtype('int64'))}
y range 0 5 X range 0.0 1.0
Let me read all the stub files.

/app/submission/autograd.py

/app/submission/nn.py

contents
1	"""Reverse-mode automatic differentiation over numpy arrays (IMPLEMENT THIS).
2	
3	A ``Tensor`` wraps a single ``numpy.ndarray`` (``float64``) and records the operation that
4	produced it so that ``.backward()`` can walk the graph in reverse-topological order and
5	accumulate ``.grad`` (the gradient of the scalar on which ``.backward()`` was called w.r.t.
6	this tensor) into every leaf.
7	
8	This task is ADVERSARIAL ROBUSTNESS: the model is a small convolutional classifier and the
9	attacks (PGD/FGSM/MI-FGSM/PGD-L2/CW) ascend on the gradient of an attack loss w.r.t. the INPUT
10	image, so the autograd engine must (a) flow gradients back to PARAMETERS (for training) AND
11	(b) flow gradients back to the INPUT tensor (for the attack). BOTH directions are exercised by the
12	verifier's finite-difference gradient checks, so the convolution's input-gradient (the ``_col2im``
13	adjoint) is load-bearing.
14	
15	Contract (the verifier's conformance suite differentiates your analytic backward against finite
16	differences and checks your forward against its own reference, so match this exactly):
17	
18	* ``Tensor(data, requires_grad=False)`` -- ``data`` is array-like, stored as ``float64`` in
19	  ``self.data``; ``self.grad`` starts as ``None`` and becomes a same-shape ``float64`` array after
20	  backward. ``requires_grad`` leaves accumulate grad; non-requiring leaves do not.
21	* Every op returns a NEW ``Tensor`` whose ``requires_grad`` is the OR of its differentiable inputs.
22	 
…[truncated 18629 chars]

contents
1	"""Neural-network layers + a small convolutional classifier, built on the autograd engine
2	(IMPLEMENT THE FORWARDS).
3	
4	Every module exposes ``params()`` -> list[Tensor] (the leaf tensors with ``requires_grad=True``)
5	and ``named_params()`` -> dict[str, Tensor] with STABLE names that match the checkpoint format the
6	verifier loads. ``SmallCNN.state_dict()`` / ``load_state_dict()`` round-trip a plain
7	``dict[str, np.ndarray]`` (saved as an ``.npz``); the verifier loads YOUR checkpoint into its OWN
8	reference SmallCNN via these names, so the names + shapes below are part of the contract.
9	
10	Naming contract for SmallCNN (do not change -- the verifier indexes by these exact keys):
11	  conv1.weight   (C1, C_in, 3, 3)        conv1.bias   (C1,)
12	  conv2.weight   (C2, C1, 3, 3)          conv2.bias   (C2,)
13	  fc1.weight     (C2*(H/4)*(W/4), F)      fc1.bias     (F,)
14	  fc2.weight     (F, n_classes)           fc2.bias     (n_classes,)
15	
16	Architecture (pinned): for an (N, C_in, H, W) input image batch,
17	  conv1 (C_in->C1, 3x3, pad 1) -> relu
18	  maxpool 2x2                   (H,W -> H/2,W/2)
19	  conv2 (C1->C2, 3x3, pad 1)   -> relu
20	  maxpool 2x2                   (H/2,W/2 -> H/4,W/4)
21	  flatten -> fc1 (-> F) -> relu -> fc2 (-> n_classes)   logits.
22	``Linear`` computes ``x @ weight + bias`` (weight is (in, out)). No BatchNorm inside SmallCNN (so
23	the attack runs a single deterministic eval-mode forward with no running-stat dependence).
24	
25	The other
…[truncated 15896 chars]

/app/submission/optim.py

contents
1	"""Optimizers + LR schedulers over a flat list of autograd ``Tensor`` parameters (IMPLEMENT THESE).
2	
3	Every optimizer operates IN PLACE on ``param.data`` using ``param.grad`` (the gradient accumulated
4	by ``Tensor.backward``). ``zero_grad()`` resets every grad to None. The EXACT update formula each
5	optimizer must match (the verifier checks one and several steps against its own reference) is in
6	its docstring.
7	
8	The adversarial-training loop uses AdamW (decoupled decay, with ``no_decay_ndim`` excluding 1-D
9	params/biases) + global grad-norm clipping; the rest of the optimizer zoo + the four LR schedulers
10	are part of the from-scratch framework the conformance suite audits.
11	"""
12	from __future__ import annotations
13	
14	import math
15	from typing import List
16	
17	import numpy as np
18	
19	from autograd import Tensor
20	
21	
22	class Optimizer:
23	    def __init__(self, params: List[Tensor]):
24	        self.params = list(params)
25	
26	    def zero_grad(self):
27	        for p in self.params:
28	            p.grad = None
29	
30	
31	class SGD(Optimizer):
32	    """SGD + momentum + optional Nesterov + (coupled/L2) weight decay:
33	        g = grad + wd*param;  v = mu*v + g;  step = (g + mu*v) if nesterov else v;  param -= lr*step."""
34	
35	    def __init__(self, params, lr=0.1, momentum=0.0, weight_decay=0.0, nesterov=False):
36	        super().__init__(params)
37	        self.lr = lr
38	        self.momentum = momentum
39	        self.weight_decay = weight
…[truncated 8125 chars]

/app/submission/data.py

contents
1	"""Data loading + minibatching for the shape-classification set (IMPLEMENT THESE).
2	
3	The visible train split ships as ``/app/data/train.npz`` with arrays ``X`` (N, C, H, W) float
4	pixels in [0,1] and ``y`` (N,) int labels. The SEALED held-out split is NOT in the image -- the
5	verifier regenerates it from a secret feature seed and runs its own attack on it.
6	
7	Contract:
8	  load_npz(path) -> (X float64 (N,C,H,W), y int64 (N,))
9	  train_val_split(X, y, val_frac, rng) -> ((Xtr,ytr),(Xval,yval))   random disjoint split (val slice
10	        is a held-BACK slice of the VISIBLE train data you may use for best-checkpoint selection --
11	        it is NOT the verifier's sealed held-out set)
12	  iter_batches(X, y, batch_size, rng) -> yields (xb, yb) random-permutation minibatches
13	  get_batch(X, y, batch_size, rng) -> a single random minibatch
14	  to_onehot(y, n_classes) -> (N, n_classes) one-hot float matrix
15	  clip01(X) -> X clamped into the [0,1] pixel domain
16	"""
17	from __future__ import annotations
18	
19	from typing import Iterator, Tuple
20	
21	import numpy as np
22	
23	
24	def load_npz(path: str) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
25	    raise NotImplementedError("implement load_npz")
26	
27	
28	def train_val_split(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, val_frac: float,
29	                    rng: np.random.Generator):
30	    raise NotImplementedError("implement train_val_split")
31	
32	
33	def iter_batches(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, batch_size: int,
34	           
…[truncated 814 chars]

/app/submission/attack.py

/app/submission/advtrain.py

contents
1	"""White-box evasion attacks built on the from-scratch autograd engine (IMPLEMENT THESE).
2	
3	An adversary perturbs each input within a norm budget (L-inf eps in the [0,1] pixel domain by
4	default) and tries to make the classifier WRONG. Every attack ascends on the gradient of an attack
5	loss with respect to the INPUT image, which is exactly the gradient the autograd engine produces
6	when the input is wrapped in a ``requires_grad=True`` Tensor and the loss is backpropagated -- so a
7	correct ``conv2d`` input-gradient (the ``_col2im`` adjoint) is load-bearing.
8	
9	THE PRIMITIVE
10	  input_grad(model, x, y)                  d/dx of mean cross-entropy of model(x) vs y (ndarray).
11	  loss_input_grad(model, x, y, loss_fn)    d/dx of an ARBITRARY scalar attack loss loss_fn(logits,y).
12	
13	L-INF ATTACKS
14	  fgsm(model, x, y, eps)                    clip(x + eps*sign(input_grad)).
15	  pgd_attack(model, x, y, eps, steps, alpha)  iterated FGSM with random start + project to the
16	                                            L-inf eps-ball around x AND the [0,1] box each step.
17	  mi_fgsm(model, x, y, eps, steps, alpha, mu) momentum-iterative FGSM: accumulate a decaying
18	                                            momentum of the L1-NORMALIZED gradient, step on its sign,
19	                                            project each step.
20	  targeted_pgd(model, x, y_target, eps, steps, alpha)  DESCEND CE toward y_target (step on the
21	                                     
…[truncated 7820 chars]

contents
1	"""Adversarial-training objectives built on the from-scratch autograd engine (IMPLEMENT THESE).
2	
3	Several standard recipes turn a fragile classifier into a robust one. Each crafts adversarial
4	inputs per minibatch with the model's own attack, then takes a gradient step on a robustness-aware
5	loss; the recipes differ in the loss. All run a single forward+backward; the caller does grad-clip
6	+ the optimizer step. ``x_clean`` / ``x_adv`` are ndarrays (N, C, H, W); ``y`` is an int (N,).
7	
8	  pgd_at_loss(model, x_adv, y)                  Madry PGD-AT: CE on the ADVERSARIAL batch.
9	  trades_loss(model, x_clean, x_adv, y, beta)   TRADES: CE(clean) + beta*KL(stopgrad(clean)||adv).
10	                                                The clean branch INSIDE the KL is a STOP-GRADIENT
11	                                                target (detached): the KL backprops only through
12	                                                the adversarial branch.
13	  mart_loss(model, x_clean, x_adv, y, beta)     MART: boosted-CE on the adversarial batch
14	                                                ( CE(adv,y) - mean log(1 - max_{j!=y} p_adv_j) ) +
15	                                                beta * mean_i[ (1 - p_clean_i[y_i]) *
16	                                                KL_i(softmax(adv)||stopgrad softmax(clean)) ].
17	  alp_loss(model, x_clean, x_adv, y, lam)       Adversarial Logit Pairing:
18	                                                0.5*(CE(clean)+CE(ad
…[truncated 4278 chars]

/app/submission/train.py

/app/test.sh

contents
1	"""Adversarial-training loop for the small CNN, using the from-scratch numpy framework
2	(IMPLEMENT THIS).
3	
4	Standard (clean) training reaches ~99% CLEAN accuracy but ~chance ROBUST accuracy -- it is broken
5	by the verifier's STRONG multi-restart L-inf PGD attack. WEAK robust training is not enough either:
6	single-step (FGSM) adversarial training suffers "catastrophic overfitting" and is shattered by the
7	multi-step / multi-restart eval attack, and adversarial training at a SMALLER perturbation budget
8	than the eval budget leaves the model fragile exactly where it is attacked. The effective recipe is
9	full multi-step PGD ADVERSARIAL TRAINING (Madry et al. 2018) with the perturbation budget MATCHED
10	to the (larger) eval budget:
11	
12	  * on every minibatch, craft an inner k-step L-inf PGD adversarial batch against the CURRENT model
13	    (attack.pgd_attack), at the eps the eval uses, then take the AdamW step on advtrain.pgd_at_loss
14	    (cross-entropy on the adversarial batch);
15	  * train long enough for robustness to converge (a few epochs is not enough at this eps);
16	  * stability details that materially raise the achieved robust accuracy and make it reproducible:
17	    (a) exclude biases (1-D params) from weight decay (AdamW no_decay_ndim=1); (b) clip the global
18	    gradient norm (the adversarial loss surface is sharp); (c) keep the BEST-by-robust-accuracy
19	    checkpoint, evaluated each epoch with the model's own multi-step PGD on a held-BACK slic
…[truncated 2473 chars]

contents
1	#!/usr/bin/env bash
2	# Smoke test (NOT the grader): confirms the environment is wired -- numpy imports, the training
3	# split loads, and the submission stubs are present. It does NOT check correctness (the stubs raise
4	# NotImplementedError until you implement them).
5	set -uo pipefail
6	
7	python3 - <<'PY'
8	import numpy as np, os
9	p = "/app/data/train.npz"
10	assert os.path.exists(p), "missing train.npz"
11	d = np.load(p)
12	print(f"train.npz: X{d['X'].shape} {d['X'].dtype}  y{d['y'].shape}  classes={len(set(d['y'].tolist()))}")
13	for f in ("autograd.py", "nn.py", "optim.py", "data.py", "attack.py", "advtrain.py", "train.py"):
14	    assert os.path.exists(f"/app/submission/{f}"), f"missing /app/submission/{f}"
15	assert os.path.exists("/app/run_checks.py"), "missing /app/run_checks.py (public component runner)"
16	print("submission stubs present:", sorted(os.listdir("/app/submission")))
17	print("numpy", np.__version__)
18	PY
19	echo "app_test smoke OK (run 'python3 /app/run_checks.py' for the per-check progress report)"
20
Now let me look at run_checks.py to understand the exact expectations.

/app/run_checks.py

contents
<system-reminder>[Truncated: PARTIAL view , showing lines 1-868 of 1188 total (29062 tokens, cap 25000). Call Read with offset=869 limit=868 for the next page, or Grep to find a specific section. Do NOT answer from this page alone if the answer may be further in the file.]</system-reminder>

1	#!/usr/bin/env python3
2	"""PUBLIC component check runner for the from-scratch numpy framework + the adversarial machinery.
3	
4	Run this AS OFTEN AS YOU LIKE while you implement to get a per-check progress signal:
5	
6	    python3 /app/run_checks.py                       # check the framework in /app/submission
7	    python3 /app/run_checks.py --submission /some/dir
8	    python3 /app/run_checks.py --only attack         # focus a single milestone
9	
10	It imports YOUR modules from /app/submission (autograd.py / nn.py / optim.py / data.py / attack.py
11	/ advtrain.py), exactly as the grader does, and runs a PUBLIC portion of the component conformance
12	suite, printing a clear per-check report. Each FAIL line names the exact op / layer / optimizer /
13	attack / adversarial-training property that is wrong.
14	
15	HOW THIS RELATES TO YOUR GRADE
16	------------------------------
17	This runner is a DEBUGGING AID, not the grader. It checks YOUR framework against self-consistent
18	references it computes on its OWN:
19	  * autograd_grads : central FINITE-DIFFERENCE of YOUR forward vs YOUR analytic backward (every op,
20	                     incl. the convolution input-gradient, the pools, an
…[truncated 44212 chars]

/app/run_checks.py

contents
869	    def dlr_loss_grad():
870	        rng = np.random.default_rng(sb + 60)
871	        x0 = rng.standard_normal((5, 4)); y = rng.integers(0, 4, size=5)
872	        lt = ag.Tensor(x0.copy(), requires_grad=True)
873	        atk.dlr_loss(lt, y).backward()
874	        gnum = _num_grad_input(lambda xv: np.array(float(atk.dlr_loss(ag.Tensor(xv), y).data)), x0.copy())
875	        return _max_abs(lt.grad, gnum) < TOL_GRAD, f"max_abs={_max_abs(lt.grad, gnum):.2e}"
876	
877	    def dlr_input_grad_fd():
878	        m = _model(61)
879	        x0 = np.random.default_rng(sb + 62).standard_normal((3, 1, 8, 8)); y = np.array([0, 1, 2])
880	        lf = lambda lg, t: atk.dlr_loss(lg, t)
881	        gan = np.asarray(atk.loss_input_grad(m, x0, y, lf), np.float64)
882	        gnum = _num_grad_input(lambda xv: np.array(float(lf(m(ag.Tensor(xv)), y).data)), x0.copy())
883	        return _max_abs(gan, gnum) < TOL_GRAD, f"max_abs={_max_abs(gan, gnum):.2e}"
884	
885	    def bim_stronger():
886	        m = _model(67)
887	        x = np.clip(np.random.default_rng(sb + 68).random((8, 1, 8, 8)), 0, 1); y = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3]); eps = 0.12
888	        xf = atk.fgsm(m, x, y, eps); xb = atk.bim(m, x, y, eps, 15, 0.025)
889	        lf = float(ag.cross_entropy(m(xf), y).data); lb = float(ag.cross_entropy(m(xb), y).data)
890	        return lb >= lf - 1e-6, f"fgsm={lf:.3f} bim={lb:.3f}"
891	
892	    def restarts_worst_case():
893	        m = _model(69)
894	        x = np.clip(np.random.default_
…[truncated 15653 chars]
This is a large from-scratch framework task. I have a clear understanding now. Let me create a task list and start implementing, beginning with the foundational `autograd.py`.
write · /app/submission/autograd.py
"""Reverse-mode automatic differentiation over numpy arrays."""
from __future__ import annotations

import math
from typing import Callable, Iterable, List, Optional

import numpy as np

_erf = np.vectorize(math.erf)


def _as_f64(x) -> np.ndarray:
    return np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)


def _unbroadcast(grad: np.ndarray, shape: tuple) -> np.ndarray:
    grad = np.asarray(grad, dtype=np.float64)
    while grad.ndim > len(shape):
        grad = grad.sum(axis=0)
    for i, s in enumerate(shape):
        if s == 1 and grad.shape[i] != 1:
            grad = grad.sum(axis=i, keepdims=True)
    return grad


class Tensor:
    __slots__ = ("data", "grad", "requires_grad", "_backward", "_parents")

    def __init__(self, data, requires_grad: bool = False, _parents: Iterable["Tensor"] = ()):
        self.data: np.ndarray = _as_f64(data)
        self.grad: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
        self.requires_grad: bool = bool(requires_grad)
        self._backward: Callable[[], None] = lambda: None
        self._parents: tuple = tuple(_parents)

    @property
    def shape(self):
        return self.data.shape

    @property
    def ndim(self):
        return self.data.ndim

    def zero_grad(self):
        self.grad = None

    def _accum(self, g: np.ndarray):
        if self.grad is None:
            self.grad = np.zeros_like(self.data)
        self.grad += g

    def backward(self, grad: Optional[np.ndarray] = None):
        topo: List["Tensor"] = []
        visited = set()

      
…[truncated 30274 chars]

contents
The file /app/submission/autograd.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Now let me run the autograd checks to verify before moving on.
shell
python3 -c "import sys; sys.path.insert(0,'submission'); import autograd" 2>&1 | head -20
output
(Bash completed with no output)
Now let me implement nn.py.

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.conv2d(x, weight, bias, pad)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Conv2d.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.conv2d(x, weight, bias, pad)."""
        return ag.conv2d(x, self.weight, self.bias, pad=self.pad)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.maxpool2d(x, k)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement MaxPool2d.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.maxpool2d(x, k)."""
        return ag.maxpool2d(x, self.k)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.avgpool2d(x, k)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement AvgPool2d.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.avgpool2d(x, k)."""
        return ag.avgpool2d(x, self.k)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.matmul(x, weight) + bias."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Linear.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.matmul(x, weight) + bias."""
        return ag.add(ag.matmul(x, self.weight), self.bias)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.layernorm(x, weight, bias, eps)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement LayerNorm.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.layernorm(x, weight, bias, eps)."""
        return ag.layernorm(x, self.weight, self.bias, self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.batchnorm(x, weight, bias, eps)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement BatchNorm1d.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.batchnorm(x, weight, bias, eps)."""
        return ag.batchnorm(x, self.weight, self.bias, self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x):
        """linear -> relu (between layers) -> ... -> linear (no final activation)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement MLP.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x):
        """linear -> relu (between layers) -> ... -> linear (no final activation)."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        n = len(self.layers)
        for i, lin in enumerate(self.layers):
            x = lin(x)
            if i < n - 1:
                x = ag.relu(x)
        return x

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x):
        """for each conv: pool(relu(conv(x))); then flatten -> relu(fc1) -> fc2."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement ConvNet.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x):
        """for each conv: pool(relu(conv(x))); then flatten -> relu(fc1) -> fc2."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        for conv in self.convs:
            x = self.pool(ag.relu(conv(x)))
        N = x.shape[0]
        x = ag.reshape(x, (N, -1))
        x = ag.relu(self.fc1(x))
        return self.fc2(x)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.groupnorm(x, weight, bias, num_groups, eps)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement GroupNorm.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.groupnorm(x, weight, bias, num_groups, eps)."""
        return ag.groupnorm(x, self.weight, self.bias, self.num_groups, self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.rmsnorm(x, weight, eps)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement RMSNorm.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """ag.rmsnorm(x, weight, eps)."""
        return ag.rmsnorm(x, self.weight, self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Now the recurrent cells and the CNN forwards:

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor, h: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """h' = tanh(x @ weight_ih^T + bias_ih + h @ weight_hh^T + bias_hh)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement RNNCell.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor, h: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """h' = tanh(x @ weight_ih^T + bias_ih + h @ weight_hh^T + bias_hh)."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        h = h if isinstance(h, Tensor) else Tensor(h)
        pre = ag.add(ag.add(ag.matmul(x, ag.transpose(self.weight_ih)), self.bias_ih),
                     ag.add(ag.matmul(h, ag.transpose(self.weight_hh)), self.bias_hh))
        return ag.tanh(pre)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor, h: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """the GRU update above (slice the 3 gates out of the (N,3H) pre-activations)."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement GRUCell.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor, h: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        """the GRU update above (slice the 3 gates out of the (N,3H) pre-activations)."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        h = h if isinstance(h, Tensor) else Tensor(h)
        H = self.hidden_size
        gi = ag.add(ag.matmul(x, ag.transpose(self.weight_ih)), self.bias_ih)
        gh = ag.add(ag.matmul(h, ag.transpose(self.weight_hh)), self.bias_hh)
        i_r = gi[:, 0:H]; i_z = gi[:, H:2 * H]; i_n = gi[:, 2 * H:3 * H]
        h_r = gh[:, 0:H]; h_z = gh[:, H:2 * H]; h_n = gh[:, 2 * H:3 * H]
        r = ag.sigmoid(ag.add(i_r, h_r))
        z = ag.sigmoid(ag.add(i_z, h_z))
        n = ag.tanh(ag.add(i_n, ag.mul(r, h_n)))
        one = Tensor(np.ones((1, H)))
        return ag.add(ag.mul(ag.sub(one, z), n), ag.mul(z, h))

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x: Tensor, h: Tensor, c: Tensor):
        """the LSTM update above; return (h', c')."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement LSTMCell.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x: Tensor, h: Tensor, c: Tensor):
        """the LSTM update above; return (h', c')."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        h = h if isinstance(h, Tensor) else Tensor(h)
        c = c if isinstance(c, Tensor) else Tensor(c)
        H = self.hidden_size
        g = ag.add(ag.add(ag.matmul(x, ag.transpose(self.weight_ih)), self.bias_ih),
                   ag.add(ag.matmul(h, ag.transpose(self.weight_hh)), self.bias_hh))
        i = ag.sigmoid(g[:, 0:H])
        f = ag.sigmoid(g[:, H:2 * H])
        gg = ag.tanh(g[:, 2 * H:3 * H])
        o = ag.sigmoid(g[:, 3 * H:4 * H])
        c2 = ag.add(ag.mul(f, c), ag.mul(i, gg))
        h2 = ag.mul(o, ag.tanh(c2))
        return h2, c2

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x):
        """h = pool(relu(conv1(x))); res = conv2b(relu(conv2a(h))); h = relu(h + res); flatten -> fc."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement SmallResCNN.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x):
        """h = pool(relu(conv1(x))); res = conv2b(relu(conv2a(h))); h = relu(h + res); flatten -> fc."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        h = self.pool(ag.relu(self.conv1(x)))
        res = self.conv2b(ag.relu(self.conv2a(h)))
        h = ag.relu(ag.add(h, res))
        N = h.shape[0]
        h = ag.reshape(h, (N, -1))
        return self.fc(h)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/nn.py

− removed
    def forward(self, x) -> Tensor:
        """conv1 -> relu -> pool -> conv2 -> relu -> pool -> flatten -> fc1 -> relu -> fc2."""
        raise NotImplementedError("implement SmallCNN.forward")
+ added
    def forward(self, x) -> Tensor:
        """conv1 -> relu -> pool -> conv2 -> relu -> pool -> flatten -> fc1 -> relu -> fc2."""
        x = x if isinstance(x, Tensor) else Tensor(x)
        x = self.pool(ag.relu(self.conv1(x)))
        x = self.pool(ag.relu(self.conv2(x)))
        N = x.shape[0]
        x = ag.reshape(x, (N, -1))
        x = ag.relu(self.fc1(x))
        return self.fc2(x)

contents
The file /app/submission/nn.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Now let me run the autograd and nn_forward checks:
shell
python3 run_checks.py --only autograd_grads 2>&1 | tail -30
output
grad/cross_entropy                       OK  
  grad/kl_div_q                            OK  
  grad/kl_div_p                            OK  
  grad/conv2d_input                        OK    (max_abs=1.09e-09)
  grad/conv2d_weight                       OK    (max_abs=3.38e-09)
  grad/conv2d_bias                         OK  
  grad/conv2d_pad0_input                   OK    (max_abs=7.79e-10)
  grad/maxpool2d                           OK  
  grad/avgpool2d                           OK  
  grad/nn.Conv2d_x                         OK  
  grad/nn.Linear_x                         OK  
  grad/nn.LayerNorm_x                      OK  
  grad/nn.BatchNorm1d_x                    OK  
  grad/cnn_grad_fc2.bias                   OK    (max_abs=1.21e-11)
  grad/cnn_grad_conv1.weight               OK    (max_abs=2.55e-11)
  grad/cnn_grad_conv2.weight               OK    (max_abs=2.61e-11)
  grad/cnn_grad_fc1.weight                 OK    (max_abs=3.00e-11)
  grad/cnn_input_grad                      OK    (max_abs=2.27e-11)
  grad/nn.GroupNorm_x                      OK  
  grad/nn.RMSNorm_x                        OK  
  grad/rnncell                             OK    (max_abs=1.03e-10)
  grad/grucell                             OK    (max_abs=1.84e-10)
  grad/lstmcell                            OK    (max_abs=4.13e-11)
  grad/rescnn_param                        OK    (max_abs=1.81e-11)
  grad/rescnn_input                        OK    (max_abs=1.58e-11)

---------------------------------------
…[truncated 201 chars]
shell
python3 run_checks.py --only autograd_grads 2>&1 | grep FAIL
output
grad/mean_all                            FAIL  (raised AxisError: axis 1 is out of bounds for array of dimension 0)
  grad/mean_axis                           FAIL  (raised AxisError: axis 4 is out of bounds for array of dimension 0)
Fix the FAIL lines above, then re-run. Each names a backward/forward/optimizer/attack/adversarial-training bug.
shell
python3 -c "
import sys; sys.path.insert(0,'submission'); import numpy as np, autograd as ag
T=ag.Tensor
x=np.random.randn(4,5)
t=T(x.copy(),requires_grad=True)
ag.sum(ag.mean(t)).backward()
print('mean_all grad ok', t.grad.shape)
" 2>&1 | tail -20
output
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 6, in <module>
  File "/app/submission/autograd.py", line 351, in mean
    N = a.data.size // max(1, od.size)
                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/app/submission/autograd.py", line 362, in max
    out = _mk(np.max(a.data, axis=axis, keepdims=keepdims), (a,), None, a.requires_grad)
              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/numpy/_core/fromnumeric.py", line 3164, in max
    return _wrapreduction(a, np.maximum, 'max', axis, None, out,
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/numpy/_core/fromnumeric.py", line 86, in _wrapreduction
    return ufunc.reduce(obj, axis, dtype, out, **passkwargs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
numpy.exceptions.AxisError: axis 1 is out of bounds for array of dimension 0
`max` is shadowed by my module-level `max`. Let me fix that line.

/app/submission/autograd.py

− removed
    N = a.data.size // max(1, od.size)
+ added
    N = a.data.size // (od.size if od.size > 0 else 1)

contents
The file /app/submission/autograd.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
shell
python3 run_checks.py --only autograd_grads 2>&1 | tail -3; echo ---; python3 run_checks.py --only nn_forward 2>&1 | tail -3
output
autograd_grads 82/82
TOTAL  82/82 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
---
nn_forward 22/22
TOTAL  22/22 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
Autograd and nn_forward pass. Now let me implement optim.py.

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement SGD.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            v = self.momentum * self._v[i] + g
            self._v[i] = v
            step = (g + self.momentum * v) if self.nesterov else v
            p.data -= self.lr * step

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Adagrad.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            self._s[i] += g * g
            p.data -= self.lr * g / (np.sqrt(self._s[i]) + self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement RMSprop.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            self._s[i] = self.alpha * self._s[i] + (1 - self.alpha) * (g * g)
            p.data -= self.lr * g / (np.sqrt(self._s[i]) + self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Adam.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        self.t += 1
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            self._m[i] = self.b1 * self._m[i] + (1 - self.b1) * g
            self._v[i] = self.b2 * self._v[i] + (1 - self.b2) * (g * g)
            mhat = self._m[i] / (1 - self.b1 ** self.t)
            vhat = self._v[i] / (1 - self.b2 ** self.t)
            p.data -= self.lr * mhat / (np.sqrt(vhat) + self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement AdamW.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        self.t += 1
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad
            self._m[i] = self.b1 * self._m[i] + (1 - self.b1) * g
            self._v[i] = self.b2 * self._v[i] + (1 - self.b2) * (g * g)
            mhat = self._m[i] / (1 - self.b1 ** self.t)
            vhat = self._v[i] / (1 - self.b2 ** self.t)
            wd_eff = 0.0 if p.ndim <= self.no_decay_ndim else self.weight_decay
            p.data -= self.lr * (mhat / (np.sqrt(vhat) + self.eps) + wd_eff * p.data)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Adamax.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        self.t += 1
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            self._m[i] = self.b1 * self._m[i] + (1 - self.b1) * g
            self._u[i] = np.maximum(self.b2 * self._u[i], np.abs(g))
            p.data -= (self.lr / (1 - self.b1 ** self.t)) * self._m[i] / (self._u[i] + self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement NAdam.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        self.t += 1
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            self._m[i] = self.b1 * self._m[i] + (1 - self.b1) * g
            self._v[i] = self.b2 * self._v[i] + (1 - self.b2) * (g * g)
            mhat = self._m[i] / (1 - self.b1 ** self.t)
            vhat = self._v[i] / (1 - self.b2 ** self.t)
            mnes = self.b1 * mhat + (1 - self.b1) * g / (1 - self.b1 ** self.t)
            p.data -= self.lr * mnes / (np.sqrt(vhat) + self.eps)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Lion.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad
            c = np.sign(self.b1 * self._m[i] + (1 - self.b1) * g)
            p.data -= self.lr * (c + self.weight_decay * p.data)
            self._m[i] = self.b2 * self._m[i] + (1 - self.b2) * g

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    def step(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("implement Adadelta.step")
+ added
    def step(self):
        for i, p in enumerate(self.params):
            if p.grad is None:
                continue
            g = p.grad + self.weight_decay * p.data
            self._s[i] = self.rho * self._s[i] + (1 - self.rho) * (g * g)
            delta = np.sqrt(self._d[i] + self.eps) / np.sqrt(self._s[i] + self.eps) * g
            p.data -= self.lr * delta
            self._d[i] = self.rho * self._d[i] + (1 - self.rho) * (delta * delta)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Now the clippers and schedulers:

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    If total > max_norm, scale
    every grad by max_norm/(total+1e-6)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement clip_grad_norm")
+ added
    If total > max_norm, scale
    every grad by max_norm/(total+1e-6)."""
    total = 0.0
    for p in params:
        if p.grad is not None:
            total += float((p.grad ** 2).sum())
    total = math.sqrt(total)
    if total > max_norm:
        scale = max_norm / (total + 1e-6)
        for p in params:
            if p.grad is not None:
                p.grad = p.grad * scale
    return total

contents
<tool_use_error>String to replace not found in file.
String:     If total > max_norm, scale
    every grad by max_norm/(total+1e-6)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement clip_grad_norm")</tool_use_error>

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement clip_grad_norm")
+ added
    total = 0.0
    for p in params:
        if p.grad is not None:
            total += float((p.grad ** 2).sum())
    total = math.sqrt(total)
    if total > max_norm:
        scale = max_norm / (total + 1e-6)
        for p in params:
            if p.grad is not None:
                p.grad = p.grad * scale
    return total

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement clip_grad_value")
+ added
    for p in params:
        if p.grad is not None:
            p.grad = np.clip(p.grad, -clip_value, clip_value)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement cosine_lr")
+ added
    if warmup > 0 and step < warmup:
        return base_lr * (step + 1) / warmup
    prog = min(1.0, max(0.0, (step - warmup) / max(1, total - warmup)))
    return min_lr + 0.5 * (base_lr - min_lr) * (1 + math.cos(math.pi * prog))

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement warmup_lr")
+ added
    return base_lr * (step + 1) / warmup if step < warmup else base_lr

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement step_lr")
+ added
    return base_lr * gamma ** (step // step_size)

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement exponential_lr")
+ added
    return base_lr * gamma ** step

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement polynomial_lr")
+ added
    prog = min(1.0, max(0.0, step / total))
    return (base_lr - min_lr) * ((1.0 - prog) ** power) + min_lr

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/optim.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement linear_lr")
+ added
    prog = min(1.0, max(0.0, step / total))
    return base_lr + (min_lr - base_lr) * prog

contents
The file /app/submission/optim.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Now data.py:

/app/submission/data.py

− removed
def load_npz(path: str) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
    raise NotImplementedError("implement load_npz")


def train_val_split(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, val_frac: float,
                    rng: np.random.Generator):
    raise NotImplementedError("implement train_val_split")


def iter_batches(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, batch_size: int,
                 rng: np.random.Generator) -> Iterator[Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]]:
    raise NotImplementedError("implement iter_batches")


def get_batch(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, batch_size: int,
              rng: np.random.Generator) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
    """A single random minibatch (without replacement if possible). Shape-preserving."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement get_batch")


def to_onehot(y: np.ndarray, n_classes: int) -> np.ndarray:
    """(N, n_classes) one-hot float matrix from integer labels y."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement to_onehot")


def clip01(X: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
    """Clamp X into the [0,1] pixel domain (the valid attack range)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement clip01")
+ added
def load_npz(path: str) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
    d = np.load(path)
    X = np.asarray(d["X"], dtype=np.float64)
    y = np.asarray(d["y"], dtype=np.int64)
    return X, y


def train_val_split(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, val_frac: float,
                    rng: np.random.Generator):
    N = X.shape[0]
    perm = rng.permutation(N)
    nval = int(round(val_frac * N))
    val_idx = perm[:nval]
    tr_idx = perm[nval:]
    return (X[tr_idx], y[tr_idx]), (X[val_idx], y[val_idx])


def iter_batches(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, batch_size: int,
                 rng: np.random.Generator) -> Iterator[Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]]:
    N = X.shape[0]
    perm = rng.permutation(N)
    for s in range(0, N, batch_size):
        idx = perm[s:s + batch_size]
        yield X[idx], y[idx]


def get_batch(X: np.ndarray, y: np.ndarray, batch_size: int,
              rng: np.random.Generator) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
    """A single random minibatch (without replacement if possible). Shape-preserving."""
    N = X.shape[0]
    if batch_size <= N:
        idx = rng.choice(N, size=batch_size, replace=False)
    else:
        idx = rng.choice(N, size=batch_size, replace=True)
    return X[idx], y[idx]


def to_onehot(y: np.ndarray, n_classes: int) -> np.ndarray:
    """(N, n_classes) one-hot float matrix from integer labels y."""
    y = np.asarray(y)
    oh = np.zeros((y.shape[0], n_classes), dtype=np.float64)
    oh[np.arange(y.shape[0]), y] = 1.0
    return oh


def c
…[truncated 139 chars]

contents
The file /app/submission/data.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
shell
python3 run_checks.py --only optim 2>&1 | tail -3; echo ---; python3 run_checks.py --only data 2>&1 | tail -3
output
optim 20/20
TOTAL  20/20 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
---
data 3/3
TOTAL  3/3 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
Now the attack.py. Let me implement it.

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    in a requires_grad=True Tensor, forward, compute loss_fn, backprop, return xt.grad."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement loss_input_grad")
+ added
    in a requires_grad=True Tensor, forward, compute loss_fn, backprop, return xt.grad."""
    xt = Tensor(np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64), requires_grad=True)
    logits = model(xt)
    loss = loss_fn(logits, y)
    loss.backward()
    return np.asarray(xt.grad, dtype=np.float64)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """d/dx of mean CROSS-ENTROPY of model(x) vs y (the standard attack gradient)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement input_grad")
+ added
    """d/dx of mean CROSS-ENTROPY of model(x) vs y (the standard attack gradient)."""
    return loss_input_grad(model, x, y, lambda lg, t: ag.cross_entropy(lg, t))

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    Build it with autograd ops so the input-gradient flows; returns a scalar Tensor."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement cw_margin_loss")
+ added
    Build it with autograd ops so the input-gradient flows; returns a scalar Tensor."""
    logits = logits if isinstance(logits, Tensor) else Tensor(logits)
    N = logits.shape[0]
    y = np.asarray(y)
    idx = (np.arange(N), y)
    z_y = ag.getitem(logits, idx)
    big = np.zeros(logits.shape)
    big[idx] = 1e9
    masked = ag.sub(logits, Tensor(big))
    z_other = ag.max(masked, axis=1)
    margin = ag.sub(z_y, z_other)
    neg_margin = ag.mul(margin, -1.0)
    val = ag.maximum(neg_margin, Tensor(np.full(N, -kappa)))
    return ag.mean(val)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    it differentiates exactly and the input-gradient flows; returns a scalar Tensor."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement dlr_loss")
+ added
    it differentiates exactly and the input-gradient flows; returns a scalar Tensor."""
    logits = logits if isinstance(logits, Tensor) else Tensor(logits)
    N = logits.shape[0]
    y = np.asarray(y)
    idx = (np.arange(N), y)
    z_y = ag.getitem(logits, idx)
    big = np.zeros(logits.shape)
    big[idx] = 1e9
    masked = ag.sub(logits, Tensor(big))
    z_other = ag.max(masked, axis=1)
    num = ag.sub(z_y, z_other)
    zmax = ag.max(logits, axis=1)
    zmean = ag.mean(logits, axis=1)
    denom = ag.add(ag.sub(zmax, zmean), eps)
    dlr = ag.mul(ag.div(num, denom), -1.0)
    return ag.mean(dlr)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """Project x_adv into the L-inf eps-ball around x, then into [lo,hi]."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement project_linf")
+ added
    """Project x_adv into the L-inf eps-ball around x, then into [lo,hi]."""
    out = np.clip(x_adv, x - eps, x + eps)
    return np.clip(out, lo, hi)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """Project x_adv so the PER-EXAMPLE L-2 norm of (x_adv - x) is <= eps, then clip to [lo,hi]."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement project_l2")
+ added
    """Project x_adv so the PER-EXAMPLE L-2 norm of (x_adv - x) is <= eps, then clip to [lo,hi]."""
    N = x.shape[0]
    delta = (x_adv - x).reshape(N, -1)
    norm = np.linalg.norm(delta, axis=1, keepdims=True)
    factor = np.minimum(1.0, eps / (norm + 1e-12))
    delta = (delta * factor).reshape(x.shape)
    return np.clip(x + delta, lo, hi)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Now let me append the rest of the attack functions. Let me add a helper and implement the remaining ones via edits:

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """One-step FGSM: clip(x + eps*sign(input_grad))."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement fgsm")
+ added
    """One-step FGSM: clip(x + eps*sign(input_grad))."""
    lo, hi = clip
    g = input_grad(model, x, y)
    return np.clip(x + eps * np.sign(g), lo, hi)


def _l1_normalize(g):
    N = g.shape[0]
    l1 = np.abs(g).reshape(N, -1).sum(axis=1).reshape((N,) + (1,) * (g.ndim - 1))
    return g / (l1 + 1e-12)


def _per_example_ce(model, x, y):
    logits = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)))
    return np.asarray(ag.nll_per_sample(logits, y).data, dtype=np.float64)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """Iterated FGSM with random start + L-inf projection (the standard PGD attack)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement pgd_attack")
+ added
    """Iterated FGSM with random start + L-inf projection (the standard PGD attack)."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    if x0 is not None:
        xadv = np.asarray(x0, dtype=np.float64).copy()
    else:
        xadv = x + rng.uniform(-eps, eps, x.shape)
    xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = input_grad(model, xadv, y)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    project to the L-inf ball + box each step."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement mi_fgsm")
+ added
    project to the L-inf ball + box each step."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    xadv = x.copy()
    g_mom = np.zeros_like(x)
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = input_grad(model, xadv, y)
        g_mom = mu * g_mom + _l1_normalize(g)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g_mom)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """Targeted PGD: DESCEND CE toward y_target (step on the NEGATIVE gradient sign); project each step."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement targeted_pgd")
+ added
    """Targeted PGD: DESCEND CE toward y_target (step on the NEGATIVE gradient sign); project each step."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    xadv = project_linf(x + rng.uniform(-eps, eps, x.shape), x, eps, lo, hi)
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = input_grad(model, xadv, y_target)
        xadv = xadv - alpha * np.sign(g)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """PGD ascending the untargeted CW margin loss (cw_margin_loss); project to the ball + box each step."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement cw_pgd")
+ added
    """PGD ascending the untargeted CW margin loss (cw_margin_loss); project to the ball + box each step."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    xadv = project_linf(x + rng.uniform(-eps, eps, x.shape), x, eps, lo, hi)
    lf = lambda lg, t: cw_margin_loss(lg, t, kappa)
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = loss_input_grad(model, xadv, y, lf)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    into the L-2 eps-ball + pixel box each step."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement pgd_l2")
+ added
    into the L-2 eps-ball + pixel box each step."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    xadv = x.copy()
    N = x.shape[0]
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = input_grad(model, xadv, y)
        gf = g.reshape(N, -1)
        gn = (gf / (np.linalg.norm(gf, axis=1, keepdims=True) + 1e-12)).reshape(x.shape)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * gn
        xadv = project_l2(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
        x_adv += alpha*sign(input_grad); project to the L-inf eps-ball + box."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement bim")
+ added
        x_adv += alpha*sign(input_grad); project to the L-inf eps-ball + box."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    xadv = x.copy()
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = input_grad(model, xadv, y)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
<tool_use_error>String to replace not found in file.
String:         x_adv += alpha*sign(input_grad); project to the L-inf eps-ball + box."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement bim")</tool_use_error>

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    raise NotImplementedError("implement bim")
+ added
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    xadv = x.copy()
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = input_grad(model, xadv, y)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    size alpha; project to the eps-ball + box. Default alpha = eps/2."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement rfgsm")
+ added
    size alpha; project to the eps-ball + box. Default alpha = eps/2."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if alpha is None:
        alpha = eps / 2.0
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    xadv = x + (eps - alpha) * np.sign(rng.uniform(-1.0, 1.0, x.shape))
    xadv = np.clip(xadv, lo, hi)
    g = input_grad(model, xadv, y)
    xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g)
    return project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    g_mom = mu*g_mom + grad/||grad||_1, step on sign(g_mom); project each step."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement ni_fgsm")
+ added
    g_mom = mu*g_mom + grad/||grad||_1, step on sign(g_mom); project each step."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    xadv = x.copy()
    g_mom = np.zeros_like(x)
    for _ in range(steps):
        x_nes = xadv + alpha * mu * g_mom
        g = input_grad(model, x_nes, y)
        g_mom = mu * g_mom + _l1_normalize(g)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g_mom)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    adversarial input with the HIGHEST per-example cross-entropy (worst case). Return that batch."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement pgd_restarts")
+ added
    adversarial input with the HIGHEST per-example cross-entropy (worst case). Return that batch."""
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    best_x = None
    best_loss = None
    for _ in range(restarts):
        xr = pgd_attack(model, x, y, eps, steps, alpha, clip=clip, rng=rng)
        losses = _per_example_ce(model, xr, y)
        if best_x is None:
            best_x = xr.copy()
            best_loss = losses
        else:
            mask = losses > best_loss
            best_x[mask] = xr[mask]
            best_loss = np.where(mask, losses, best_loss)
    return best_x

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/attack.py

− removed
    """PGD ascending the DLR loss (dlr_loss) instead of CE; project to the L-inf ball + box each step."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement dlr_pgd")
+ added
    """PGD ascending the DLR loss (dlr_loss) instead of CE; project to the L-inf ball + box each step."""
    lo, hi = clip
    x = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64)
    if rng is None:
        rng = np.random.default_rng()
    xadv = project_linf(x + rng.uniform(-eps, eps, x.shape), x, eps, lo, hi)
    lf = lambda lg, t: dlr_loss(lg, t)
    for _ in range(steps):
        g = loss_input_grad(model, xadv, y, lf)
        xadv = xadv + alpha * np.sign(g)
        xadv = project_linf(xadv, x, eps, lo, hi)
    return xadv

contents
The file /app/submission/attack.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
shell
python3 run_checks.py --only attack 2>&1 | tail -25
output
[attack]  18/18
  attack/input_grad_fd                     OK    (max_abs=2.73e-11)
  attack/cw_loss_input_grad_fd             OK    (max_abs=4.13e-12)
  attack/dlr_loss_grad                     OK    (max_abs=1.04e-09)
  attack/dlr_loss_input_grad_fd            OK    (max_abs=3.51e-11)
  attack/fgsm_step                         OK  
  attack/pgd_projection                    OK  
  attack/mi_fgsm_projection                OK  
  attack/cw_pgd_projection                 OK  
  attack/pgd_l2_projection                 OK  
  attack/bim_projection                    OK  
  attack/rfgsm_projection                  OK  
  attack/ni_fgsm_projection                OK  
  attack/pgd_restarts_projection           OK  
  attack/dlr_pgd_projection                OK  
  attack/pgd_stronger_than_fgsm            OK    (fgsm=1.450 pgd=1.469)
  attack/bim_stronger_than_fgsm            OK    (fgsm=1.411 bim=1.423)
  attack/pgd_restarts_worst_case           OK    (single=1.521 restarts=1.525)
  attack/targeted_pgd_lowers_target_ce     OK    (1.388->1.333)

------------------------------------------------------------------------
attack 18/18
TOTAL  18/18 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
Attack passes. Now advtrain.py. Let me implement the ten losses carefully with stop-gradient handling.

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """Madry PGD-AT loss: cross-entropy on the adversarial batch (trains parameters)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement pgd_at_loss")
+ added
    """Madry PGD-AT loss: cross-entropy on the adversarial batch (trains parameters)."""
    logits = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    return ag.cross_entropy(logits, y)

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """TRADES loss = CE(clean, y) + beta * KL(stopgrad(softmax(clean)) || softmax(adv))."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement trades_loss")
+ added
    """TRADES loss = CE(clean, y) + beta * KL(stopgrad(softmax(clean)) || softmax(adv))."""
    cl = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_clean, dtype=np.float64)))
    ad = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    ce = ag.cross_entropy(cl, y)
    tgt = Tensor(cl.data.copy())  # stop-gradient clean logits
    kl = ag.kl_div(tgt, ad)
    loss = ag.add(ce, ag.mul(kl, float(beta)))
    return loss, {"ce": float(ce.data), "kl": float(kl.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    DETACHED); see the module docstring for the exact form."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement mart_loss")
+ added
    DETACHED); see the module docstring for the exact form."""
    y = np.asarray(y)
    ad = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    cl_data = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_clean, dtype=np.float64))).data
    N, C = ad.shape
    idx = (np.arange(N), y)
    # boosted CE on adversarial batch
    ce = ag.cross_entropy(ad, y)
    logp_adv = ag.log_softmax(ad)
    p_adv = ag.exp(logp_adv)
    big = np.zeros((N, C)); big[idx] = 1e9
    maxother = ag.max(ag.sub(p_adv, Tensor(big)), axis=1)
    margin_term = ag.mul(ag.log(ag.sub(Tensor(np.ones(N)), maxother)), -1.0)
    boosted = ag.add(ce, ag.mean(margin_term))
    # misclassification-aware weighted KL with detached clean target
    logp_clean = _logsoftmax_np(cl_data)
    p_clean = np.exp(logp_clean)
    diff = ag.sub(logp_adv, Tensor(logp_clean))
    kl_terms = ag.sum(ag.mul(p_adv, diff), axis=1)
    w = 1.0 - p_clean[idx]
    kl_w = ag.mean(ag.mul(kl_terms, Tensor(w)))
    loss = ag.add(boosted, ag.mul(kl_w, float(beta)))
    return loss, {"boosted": float(boosted.data), "kl": float(kl_w.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
import autograd as ag
from autograd import Tensor
+ added
import autograd as ag
from autograd import Tensor


def _logsoftmax_np(z):
    m = z.max(axis=-1, keepdims=True)
    return z - m - np.log(np.exp(z - m).sum(axis=-1, keepdims=True))

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """Adversarial Logit Pairing: 0.5*(CE(clean)+CE(adv)) + lam*mean||z_clean - z_adv||^2 (no detach)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement alp_loss")
+ added
    """Adversarial Logit Pairing: 0.5*(CE(clean)+CE(adv)) + lam*mean||z_clean - z_adv||^2 (no detach)."""
    zc = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_clean, dtype=np.float64)))
    za = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    ce = ag.mul(ag.add(ag.cross_entropy(zc, y), ag.cross_entropy(za, y)), 0.5)
    diff = ag.sub(zc, za)
    pair = ag.mean(ag.mul(diff, diff))
    loss = ag.add(ce, ag.mul(pair, float(lam)))
    return loss, {"ce": float(ce.data), "pair": float(pair.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """CE against a label-smoothed target ((1-eps_ls)*onehot + eps_ls/C*uniform), via log_softmax."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement label_smoothed_ce")
+ added
    """CE against a label-smoothed target ((1-eps_ls)*onehot + eps_ls/C*uniform), via log_softmax."""
    logits = logits if isinstance(logits, Tensor) else Tensor(logits)
    y = np.asarray(y)
    N, C = logits.shape
    if n_classes is None:
        n_classes = C
    smooth = np.full((N, C), eps_ls / n_classes)
    smooth[np.arange(N), y] += (1.0 - eps_ls)
    ls = ag.log_softmax(logits)
    return ag.mul(ag.mean(ag.sum(ag.mul(ls, Tensor(smooth)), axis=1)), -1.0)

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """Mixed clean+adversarial CE: lam*CE(adv,y) + (1-lam)*CE(clean,y)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement robust_ce_loss")
+ added
    """Mixed clean+adversarial CE: lam*CE(adv,y) + (1-lam)*CE(clean,y)."""
    zc = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_clean, dtype=np.float64)))
    za = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    ce_a = ag.cross_entropy(za, y)
    ce_c = ag.cross_entropy(zc, y)
    loss = ag.add(ag.mul(ce_a, float(lam)), ag.mul(ce_c, float(1.0 - lam)))
    return loss, {"ce_adv": float(ce_a.data), "ce_clean": float(ce_c.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    through the adversarial branch; the clean branch still trains via its CE term)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement clp_loss")
+ added
    through the adversarial branch; the clean branch still trains via its CE term)."""
    zc = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_clean, dtype=np.float64)))
    za = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    ce = ag.mul(ag.add(ag.cross_entropy(zc, y), ag.cross_entropy(za, y)), 0.5)
    zc_det = Tensor(zc.data.copy())
    diff = ag.sub(zc_det, za)
    pair = ag.mean(ag.mul(diff, diff))
    loss = ag.add(ce, ag.mul(pair, float(lam)))
    return loss, {"ce": float(ce.data), "pair": float(pair.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    as the second ("q") -- the opposite argument order from TRADES."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement kl_at_loss")
+ added
    as the second ("q") -- the opposite argument order from TRADES."""
    cl = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_clean, dtype=np.float64)))
    ad = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    ce = ag.cross_entropy(ad, y)
    tgt = Tensor(cl.data.copy())
    kl = ag.kl_div(ad, tgt)
    loss = ag.add(ce, ag.mul(kl, float(beta)))
    return loss, {"ce": float(ce.data), "kl": float(kl.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """AT with logit squeezing: L = CE(adv,y) + lam*mean(z_adv**2) (penalize large logits)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement logit_squeeze_at_loss")
+ added
    """AT with logit squeezing: L = CE(adv,y) + lam*mean(z_adv**2) (penalize large logits)."""
    ad = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    ce = ag.cross_entropy(ad, y)
    sq = ag.mean(ag.mul(ad, ad))
    loss = ag.add(ce, ag.mul(sq, float(lam)))
    return loss, {"ce": float(ce.data), "sq": float(sq.data), "loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)

/app/submission/advtrain.py

− removed
    """Label-smoothed AT: L = label_smoothed_ce(model(adv), y, eps_ls)."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement ls_at_loss")
+ added
    """Label-smoothed AT: L = label_smoothed_ce(model(adv), y, eps_ls)."""
    ad = model(Tensor(np.asarray(x_adv, dtype=np.float64)))
    loss = label_smoothed_ce(ad, y, eps_ls)
    return loss, {"loss": float(loss.data)}

contents
The file /app/submission/advtrain.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
shell
python3 run_checks.py --only advtrain 2>&1 | tail -20; echo ---INTEG---; python3 run_checks.py --only integration 2>&1 | tail -6
output
[advtrain]  14/14
  advtrain/at_param_grad                   OK    (max_abs=2.56e-11)
  advtrain/trades_param_grad               OK    (max_abs=5.66e-04)
  advtrain/mart_param_grad                 OK    (max_abs=1.14e-04)
  advtrain/alp_param_grad                  OK    (max_abs=2.60e-11)
  advtrain/robust_ce_param_grad            OK    (max_abs=5.12e-11)
  advtrain/clp_param_grad                  OK    (max_abs=2.84e-05)
  advtrain/kl_at_param_grad                OK    (max_abs=1.62e-03)
  advtrain/logit_squeeze_param_grad        OK    (max_abs=4.80e-11)
  advtrain/ls_at_param_grad                OK    (max_abs=2.76e-11)
  advtrain/label_smoothed_ce_grad          OK  
  advtrain/trades_stopgrad                 OK    (max_abs=0.00e+00)
  advtrain/alp_pairing                     OK    (max_abs=0.00e+00)
  advtrain/clp_stopgrad                    OK    (max_abs=0.00e+00)
  advtrain/kl_at_stopgrad                  OK    (max_abs=0.00e+00)

------------------------------------------------------------------------
advtrain 14/14
TOTAL  14/14 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
---INTEG---
  integration/trades_decreases             OK    (1.3933->1.3367)

------------------------------------------------------------------------
integration 4/4
TOTAL  4/4 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the 
…[truncated 106 chars]
All component milestones pass. Let me run the full suite to confirm everything is green:
shell
python3 run_checks.py 2>&1 | tail -5
output
------------------------------------------------------------------------
autograd_grads 82/82 | nn_forward 22/22 | optim 20/20 | attack 18/18 | advtrain 14/14 | integration 4/4 | data 3/3
TOTAL  163/163 public checks passing
All public checks pass. Now make sure model.npz clears the held-out ROBUST-accuracy threshold; the grader re-checks with DIFFERENT seeds/shapes + its OWN strong PGD.
All 163 public checks pass. Now let me implement the training loop in train.py.

/app/submission/train.py

− removed
    """Run multi-step PGD adversarial training and save the best-by-robust-val checkpoint to
    ``out_path``. See the module docstring for the recipe."""
    raise NotImplementedError("implement the adversarial-training loop")
+ added
    """Run multi-step PGD adversarial training and save the best-by-robust-val checkpoint to
    ``out_path``. See the module docstring for the recipe."""
    import time
    rng = np.random.default_rng(seed)
    X, y = D.load_npz(train_path)
    n_classes = int(y.max()) + 1
    c_in = X.shape[1]
    img = X.shape[2]

    (Xtr, ytr), (Xval, yval) = D.train_val_split(X, y, val_frac, rng)
    print(f"data: train={Xtr.shape} val={Xval.shape} n_classes={n_classes} img={img}", flush=True)

    model = SmallCNN(n_classes=n_classes, c_in=c_in, img=img, c1=C1, c2=C2, ff=FF, seed=seed)
    params = model.params()
    opt = O.AdamW(params, lr=lr, betas=(0.9, 0.999), weight_decay=weight_decay, no_decay_ndim=1)

    nb = int(np.ceil(len(Xtr) / batch_size))
    total_steps = epochs * nb

    def robust_val_acc(steps, restarts=2, n_eval=1024):
        m = min(n_eval, len(Xval))
        idx = np.arange(m)
        xv = Xval[idx]; yv = yval[idx]
        # clean correctness
        clean_pred = np.argmax(model(xv).data, axis=1)
        correct = clean_pred == yv
        rng2 = np.random.default_rng(12345)
        robust = correct.copy()
        for r in range(restarts):
            xadv = A.pgd_attack(model, xv, yv, eps, steps, alpha, rng=rng2)
            pred = np.argmax(model(xadv).data, axis=1)
            robust &= (pred == yv)
        return float(robust.mean()), float(correct.mean())

    best_robust = -1.0
    best_sd = model.state_dict()
    gstep = 0
    for ep in range(epochs):
    
…[truncated 1444 chars]

contents
The file /app/submission/train.py has been updated successfully. (file state is current in your context , no need to Read it back)
Let me do a quick timing smoke test with 1 epoch first.
shell
timeout 300 python3 submission/train.py --epochs 1 --eps 0.12 --at-steps 7 2>&1 | tail -10
output
data: train=(3060, 1, 16, 16) val=(540, 1, 16, 16) n_classes=6 img=16
Training is too slow. Let me profile where the time goes.
shell
timeout 120 python3 -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D, attack as A, advtrain as AT, optim as O
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb,yb=X[:128],y[:128]
t=time.time(); 
for _ in range(5): _=m(xb)
print('fwd x5', time.time()-t)
t=time.time()
xadv=A.pgd_attack(m,xb,yb,0.12,7,0.03,rng=np.random.default_rng(0))
print('pgd7 1batch', time.time()-t)
t=time.time()
loss=AT.pgd_at_loss(m,xadv,yb); loss.backward()
print('train fb', time.time()-t)
" 2>&1 | tail
output
(Bash completed with no output)
shell
timeout 60 python3 -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb=X[:128]
t=time.time(); _=m(xb); print('1 fwd', time.time()-t)
t=time.time(); o=m(xb); 
import autograd as ag
l=ag.cross_entropy(o,y[:128]); l.backward(); print('1 fb', time.time()-t)
" 2>&1 | tail
output
1 fwd 0.05009865760803223
1 fb 0.14673280715942383
shell
timeout 90 python3 -u -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D, attack as A, advtrain as AT
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb,yb=X[:128],y[:128]
t=time.time()
xadv=A.pgd_attack(m,xb,yb,0.12,7,0.03,rng=np.random.default_rng(0))
print('pgd7 1batch', time.time()-t, flush=True)
" 2>&1 | tail
output
(Bash completed with no output)
shell
timeout 60 python3 -u -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D, attack as A
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb,yb=X[:128],y[:128]
t=time.time()
g=A.input_grad(m,xb,yb)
print('input_grad', time.time()-t, g.shape, flush=True)
" 2>&1 | tail
output
input_grad 0.14638304710388184 (128, 1, 16, 16)
shell
timeout 60 python3 -u -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D, attack as A
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb,yb=X[:128],y[:128]
for st in [1,2,3]:
    t=time.time()
    xadv=A.pgd_attack(m,xb,yb,0.12,st,0.03,rng=np.random.default_rng(0))
    print('pgd',st, time.time()-t, flush=True)
" 2>&1 | tail
output
pgd 1 0.15434622764587402
pgd 2 0.2867879867553711
pgd 3 0.4444427490234375
shell
timeout 60 python3 -u -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D, attack as A
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb,yb=X[:128],y[:128]
t=time.time()
xadv=A.pgd_attack(m,xb,yb,0.12,7,0.03,rng=np.random.default_rng(0))
print('pgd7', time.time()-t, flush=True)
t=time.time()
xadv=A.pgd_attack(m,xb,yb,0.12,10,0.03,rng=np.random.default_rng(0))
print('pgd10', time.time()-t, flush=True)
" 2>&1 | tail
output
(Bash completed with no output)
shell
OMP_NUM_THREADS=1 OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS=1 MKL_NUM_THREADS=1 timeout 60 python3 -u -c "
import sys,time; sys.path.insert(0,'submission')
import numpy as np, data as D, attack as A
from nn import SmallCNN
X,y=D.load_npz('data/train.npz')
m=SmallCNN(n_classes=6,c_in=1,img=16,c1=14,c2=28,ff=96,seed=0)
xb,yb=X[:128],y[:128]
for st in [7,10,20]:
    t=time.time()
    xadv=A.pgd_attack(m,xb,yb,0.12,st,0.03,rng=np.random.default_rng(0))
    print('pgd',st, round(time.time()-t,3), flush=True)
" 2>&1 | tail
Final diff , what the agent changed

No file changes, the agent left the workspace untouched.

Verifier output , the proof behind the reward
tests/test.sh
=== SyncVals verifier (local re-grade of the agent's own checkpoint) ===

COMPONENT CONFORMANCE SUITE: 201/201 cases passed  (all milestones pass: True)
FINAL METRIC: PGD robust accuracy = 0.5663  < threshold 0.6

REWARD = 0   (1 iff every component milestone passes AND the sealed held-out metric clears its threshold)

NOTE: the in-sandbox training in the 481MB e2b box was OOM-killed (0-byte checkpoint), so the raw
in-sandbox reward was an infrastructure artifact. This reward is from a faithful LOCAL re-train of the
agent's OWN train.py (24GB, no OOM) with its own default hyperparameters, then re-graded by the real verifier.

Reproduce this trial: git checkout 2f94510 && PYTHONPATH=src python3 scripts/build_site.py , then open trial/trial_c4dfb84694d34c9f. Re-running the agent live requires EVAL_PLATFORM_ENABLE_OAUTH_SMOKE=1 and is non-deterministic.

Trial trial_c4dfb84694d34c9f · verifier authoritative; classifier explanatory.